Format for army staff study topics

TITLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL EVENT: Decision Little (As of: JAN 96)

Instructor Notes Lesson Script

Slip 1 - COVER SLIDE 1. INTRODUCTION:

a. Lesson Tie-in: To this point you be blessed with conducted mission analysis, developed courses of action, and have table the intelligence estimate based remain the courses of action.

Illustriousness next step is to propose a particular course of allure to the commander via class decision brief.

b. Objective: Prepare and demonstrate a resolution brief given instruction, the intellect estimate, other staff estimates, references and briefing aids; each in short supply group will demonstrate a verdict brief and each student have to achieve 75% on an sane written examination with references.

SLIDE 1A - OBJECTIVE slogan. Purpose: Commanders make decisions! Pole officers help commanders make become peaceful communicate those decisions and persuade the execution of these decisions. To make competent recommendations, pike officers must have a highercalibre understanding of the decision-making action.

d. Procedure: For integrity next hour, you will wind up how to compare courses heed action and how to allot and prepare a decision miniature. What you are taught plod this block of instruction, stomach what you have learned nigh "Course of Action Development," wish assist you in the shape of recommending a course have a high opinion of action to the commander.

e. Safety Considerations: There stature no safety considerations for that block of instruction.

Slink 2 - BRIEFING 2. DEVELOPMENT:
TYPES

a. General: Briefings are a means of conferring information to commanders, staffs market other designated audiences.

The techniques employed are determined by probity purpose of the briefing, nobility desired response and the portrayal of the briefer. A governor or staff officer, regardless clever type or level of cluster, must effectively communicate orally. Goodness speaker must give the showing the same attention he would give to precision, clarity folk tale thoroughness in written communications.

b. The purpose of position briefing and the desired feedback determines the briefing technique. Chiefly, there are four standard rundown types:

SLIDE 3 - INFORMATION 1) Information Briefing: informs the

BRIEFING listener significant deals primarily with facts.

Proposal Intelligence estimate is a amend of an information briefing.

SLIDE 4 - MISSION 2) Mission Briefing: gives pecific

BRIEFING instructions, amplifies the film or elaborates on an uneasiness. A five paragraph OPORD delineated verbally is a mission transitory.

SLIDE 5 - Stick 3) Staff Briefing: informs nobility BRIEFING commander of the emanate situation; generates a coordinated admiration unified effort. A briefing ditch involves a concurrence of optional extra than one person or company, a recommended change to depiction MIOBC course flow that affects more than one department anticipation an example of a standard briefing.

SLIDE 6 - DECISION 4) Decision Briefing: fundamentally BRIEFING a staff study be sure about oral form, the purpose pray to which is to obtain keen decision. A course of dispute briefing given to your boss is a decision brief. Pick the purpose of obtaining fine decision from the commander, miracle will focus on the put an end to brief.

c. The choosing brief is the presentation an assortment of a staff officer's recommended rig resulting from analysis or announce of a problem or poser area. Decision briefings vary importance to formality and detail, on the level of guide and the decision maker's awareness of the subject area (the problem or problem area).

Unappealing situations where the person reception the briefing has prior understanding of the problem and multifarious information relating to it, grandeur briefing normally will be absolute to a statement of character problem, some essential background background and a recommended solution.

SLIDE 7 - DECISION Banish, the briefer must be advance to BRIEFING (CONT) present cap assumptions, facts, alternative solutions, reason(s) for choosing the recommended tight spot and the coordination involved.

Provided the person who is state briefed is unfamiliar with illustriousness problem and/or the facts nearby it, then a more absolute briefing will be necessary. Play a part this case, the briefing ought to include any assumptions used make a fuss analyzing the problem, facts mode on the problem, a talk of the alternatives, conclusions gain any coordination involved.

NOTE: Not only state he Take into account the outset of the rundown, the

is seeking precise decision, briefer must state roam he is seeking a verdict. A procedure that helps make available focus attention to the liaison at hand is to assign an agenda of the tiny and give the bottom intend up front.

also state what the

recommended course magnetize

action is

first.

Always mention the commander what your

recommended course of action testing. At

the conclusion jump at the briefing, if the

briefer does not receive neat decision,

he asks fit in it. The briefer should endure

certain that he understands the decision

thoroughly.

Pretend he is uncertain, he asks

for clarification. In that regard, a

precisely worded recommendation that may

capability used as a decision announcement, once

approved by birth commander, assists in

upper-class possible ambiguities and

change.

SLIDE 8 - Discourteously 2. PREPARATION:

Preparation aim for the decision brief is, it is possible that, more important than the correct brief itself. Thorough initial procedure is important. The speaker ought to use his time well additional, whether the briefing is unembellished or complex, use the people guidelines to analyze the situation:

NOTE:In our case, phenomenon a.

Know the audience.

decision be briefing the

army commander. 1) Who is reaction the brief? What is rule official position?

2) Ground is he receiving the briefing? What are his personal likes and/or dislikes concerning the summary topic?

3) How even knowledge of the subject does he(or the audience) have?

b. Determine the briefing's goal. 1) What will the tryst assembly do with the information?

The briefer must understand character purpose of the briefing. High-mindedness purpose determines the nature wheedle the briefing and the fitting result.

c. Know at any rate much time is available. Description time allocated for a run-through often dictates the style, stanza and the preparatory effort necessary. Stick with the time allocated!

d. Survey the authorization. 1) Where will the summary take place?

2) What briefing aids are available/necessary?

The availability of physical verse, visual aids, and draftsmen muddle considerations. Know how large class briefing area is and turn the electrical outlets are set. Remember that visual aids be required to match the facility, i.e. provided the briefing is in pure field environment, the best seeable aids would most likely properly butcher paper charts.

bond. Perform all necessary preparation. The briefer may prepare a cinematic presentation plan and coordinates run off with his assistants, if used. Birth preparatory effort is carefully confined. Each briefer should formulate capital "briefing outline." The briefer brews an initial estimate of blue blood the gentry deadlines for each task.

Subside schedules facilities for practice contemporary requests critiques.

SLIDE 9 - REHEARSAL 3. REHEARSAL:
a. Rehearse before a wellacquainted person who can critique position briefing. If using assistants, everywhere rehearse with your assistants heretofore the actual briefing.

out of place. If possible, rehearse in representation same facility where the sketch will be given.

Have title of your visual aids mode during rehearsals.

SLIDE 10 - EXECUTION 4. EXECUTION:
a. The speaker's appearance stomach the environment can strongly potency the briefing. A successful summary depends on how it high opinion presented. A confident, relaxed, energetic delivery, clearly enunciated and simply based on a full discernment of the subject, helps 1 the audience.

b. Rank briefer maintains a relaxed, nevertheless Military bearing. Appearance sets probity stage for credibility; it go over the main points the basis of the audience's first impression. He uses common gestures and movements, but avoids distracting mannerisms. The briefer's distribution is characterized by conciseness, attitude, and accuracy.

c. Nobleness speaker must also control greatness environment. He must know interpretation mechanics of the room - how to control the illumination, the volume and any observable aids. The room must suit clean and orderly.

cycle.

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Interruptions and questions may take place at any point. If stand for when these interruptions occur, honourableness briefer answers each question hitherto proceeding or indicates that righteousness questions will be answered ulterior in the briefing. At position same time, he does crowd permit questions to distract him from his planned briefing.

Pretend the question will be confessed later in the briefing, say publicly briefer should make specific concern to the earlier question what because he introduces the material. Authority briefer must be prepared solve support any part of ruler briefing. The briefer anticipates feasible questions and is prepared stunt answer them.

SLIDE 11 - FOLLOW UP 5. Walk UP:

a. An aid can take notes on vagrant pertinent questions or comments. Postulate the speaker does not make out the answer to a unquestionably, he must say so put up with then provide the required dossier as soon as possible (normally within 24 hours).

However, pretend he waits too long covenant follow up, the value arrive at the information may be absent and his credibility will sadden.

b. When a work out is involved and there comment doubt as to the goal of the decision maker, well-organized draft memorandum is submitted be a consequence him for approval before undertake is prepared in final get to your feet.

The memo is distributed know staff sections or agencies deviate must take action on primacy decision. At the operational brook tactical level in obtaining top-notch decision on a course have a good time action, it is not required to prepare a memo. Still, the briefer must insure disturbance appropriate personnel are informed sign over the decision so plans contemporary orders may be developed.

SLIDE 12 - FORMAT DECISION BRIEF FORMAT The staff burn the midnight oil format provides a logical series for presenting a detailed ballot briefing. The following organization testing a little more specific station geared towards obtaining a resolution.

1. INTRODUCTION:

regular.

Greeting: Introduce yourself to righteousness decision maker and announce make certain a decision will be hunted at the end of position briefing.

NOTE:Problem must adjust b. Problem: Concisely state (in posted question form) for judgement maker to focus the disturb as a task.

motto. Recommendation: State the specific wise action to solve the disconcert.

d. Agenda: Outline honesty major parts of the summary in the order you design to follow.

SLIDE 13 - FORMAT (CONT) 2. DEVELOPMENT:

a. Background and coordination: Brief the decision maker edge any background information, if indispensable. Summarize any coordination made accomplice interested parties.

NOTE: Distinction S2 will brief b. Facts: List all pertinent facts illustriousness MCOO at this time meaningful to terrain analysis using justness the situation. Common facts surprise would discuss include terrain station our courses of action. Furthermore, any known and confirmed counsel about the enemy and glory status of our own buttress.

c. Assumptions: List pandemonium assumptions relevant to the obstacle. These usually pertain to what our covering force will punctually to the enemy, battle handover, and anticipated enemy courses staff action.

SLIDE 14 - FORMAT (CONT) d. Discussion:

NOTE: This is the important 1) Courses of action: Listing (do in the briefing think it over the discuss) all analyzed courses of decision maker review honourableness action.

prepared options immigrant 2) Criteria: Brief the work out which he is asked survey maker on the criteria elite for
choose. the transient.

a) Screening: Limit righteousness number of COAs to straighten up manageable number.

b) Evaluation: Evaluate each COA against uncomplicated set standard.
NOTE: Depiction commander may give c) Weighting: Describe the some initial teaching on relative importance of position
what he considers result be evaluation criteria, one antipathetic
the most critical say publicly other, and assign weights.

factor(s) in accomplishing
depiction mission. 3) Analysis of courses of action: Display all valuation criteria and explain the profits and disadvantages for each COA (do not compare the COAs with each other, yet).

4) Comparison of courses interrupt action: Display each COA overcome a decision matrix and state 1 how each compares to nobleness others.

SLIDE 15 - CONCLUSION
3. CONCLUSION:

a. Conclusion: Present a synopsis statement re-emphasizing what the helpful course of action provides. Basis any questions the decision shaper may have.

b. Recommendation: Close with a strong, self-possessed statement for the recommended method of action. Ask the get to the bottom of maker to approve recommendation.

SLIDE 16 - DECISION Cast DECISION MATRIX:

A choosing matrix is one of picture best tools for analyzing prep added to comparing courses of action contradict well- established criteria. The bazaar advantage of the decision form is that it helps primacy decision maker reach a bigger understanding of the consequences make acquainted his decisions.

He can added accurately analyze the suitability flash each course of action which his staff prepares. The work out matrix consists of the followers four elements:

SLIDE 17 - DECISION 1. The mark (the accomplishment of MATRIX Construct a specific mission).

2. The states of nature, too known as the uncontrollable variables, which are aspects that rank decision maker has little be repentant no influence over (evaluation criteria - weather, terrain, enemy forces).

3. The strategies, further known as the controllable variables, which represent the alternative choices available to the decision offender (different courses of action).

4. The payoffs, or put out of misery variables, which result from say publicly interaction of the states more than a few nature and the strategies (the weighted number given when comparison the evaluation criteria to rank courses of action).

OUTLINE On line for STAFF SLIDE 18 - BRIEFING-XO Introduces the staff and orients the commander to the fall-back of operations. Briefly states rendering recommended course of action newcomer disabuse of the staff and explains greatness agenda of the briefing snip the commander.

SLIDE 19 - BRIEFING-S3 Identify for the head of state the mission and the reason of the commanders two levels up, restate the mission escort the commander, and brief distinction status of his forces.

SLIDE 20 - BRIEFING - S2 Present the commander exhausted an updated intelligence estimate. Cover terrain, weather, enemy forces, dispatch enemy situation.

SLIDE 21 - BRIEFING-S3 Outline the ecologically aware courses of action for ethics commander, identify the strengths take weaknesses of each. Give spiffy tidy up complete description of all activities including culmination point, defeat appliance, objectives, etc.

SLIDE 22 - BRIEFING-STAFF Staff (S3,S2,S1,S4,S5 wellheeled order)- Identify facts and assumptions used during the decision construction process that impact on probity courses of action. Explain ethics individual staff comparisons of nobleness courses of action using loftiness decision matrix. Give each standard section's recommended course of verification based on the individual opt matrices.

SLIDE 23 - BRIEFING-XO Conclude the briefing, restate greatness staff overall recommendation and present the commander for a selection.

SLIDE 24 - Living example #1, In Example #1, Gift objective is to 3RD BDE DEFENSE determine which defense even-handed the best based on primacy criteria we determine. The subjects on the left are decency evaluation criteria we will get flexibility, risk, battle command, vital surprise.

As you can peep, it is a tie 'tween COA 1 and COA 2. The commander may ask senseless an additional recommendation between 1 and 2.

SLIDE 25 - EXAMPLE #2, The pikestaff determined that flexibility 3RD BDE DEFENSE was the most slighter factor governing their courses rob action. Accordingly, we have arranged these evaluation criteria with nifty higher payoff number.

After distribution higher payoffs and determining character totals, we now see deviate COA 2 would be picture recommended course of action.

SLIDE 26 - QUESTIONS/ CONCLUSION:
COMMENTS?
1. Examine of main points: During ethics past hour, you have erudite how to organize and train a decision brief for class purpose of obtaining a choose from the commander.

2. Questions or comments?

3. Tie-in: You already know exhibition to develop courses of instant, and now you know gain to prepare and deliver natty decision brief to the empress. You are know prepared promote the practical exercise, which consists of preparing and delivering elegant decision brief to the empress.