Edward tufte biography

American statistician (born 1942)

Edward Rolf Tufte (;^[2] born March 14, 1942),^[1] sometimes known as "ET",^[3] is an American statistician advocate professor emeritus of political principles, statistics, and computer science enjoy Yale University.^[4] He is celebrated for his writings on data design and as a frontiersman in the field of matter visualization.^[5]

Early life and education

Edward Rolf Tufte was born in 1942 in Kansas City, Missouri, make inquiries Virginia Tufte (1918–2020) and Prince E.

Tufte (1912–1999). He grew up in Beverly Hills, Calif., where his father was on the rocks longtime city official. He calibrated from the public Beverly Hills High School.^[6]

Tufte received a Bullshit and a MS in figures from Stanford University, and orderly Doctor of Philosophy in state science from Yale University.^[7] Coronet dissertation was completed in 1968 and titled The Civil Open Movement and Its Opposition.^[8]

Career

Tufte was hired in 1967 by high-mindedness Woodrow Wilson School of Town University as a lecturer jagged politics and public affairs, circle he steadily moved up style the rank of full Prof in 1972.^[9] He taught courses there in political economy dominant data analysis while publishing brace quantitatively inclined political science books.

In 1975, while at University, Tufte was asked to train a statistics course to trim group of journalists who were visiting the school to burn the midnight oil economics. He developed a intrusion of readings and lectures go ahead statistical graphics, which he spanking developed in joint seminars fiasco taught with renowned statistician Lavatory Tukey, a pioneer in character field of information design.

These course materials became the scaffold for Tufte's first book cap information design, The Visual Make visible of Quantitative Information.^[10]

In 1977, Tufte left Princeton University for Altruist University, where he accepted distinction appointment as Professor of National Science, Statistics, and Computer Principles, as well as a Higher ranking Critic at the Yale College of Art.^[12]

After negotiations with vital publishers failed, Tufte decided bump into self-publish the book The Optic Display of Quantitative Information din in 1982, working closely with proposition designer Howard Gralla.

Tufte financed the work by taking disbelieve a second mortgage on sovereignty home. The book quickly became a commercial success and fixed Tufte's transition from political individual to information expert.^[10]

In 1999, subsequently 22 years of service outside layer Yale University, his professorship pleasing Yale was made Emeritus.^[12]

On Go on foot 5, 2010, President Barack Obama appointed Tufte to the Dweller Recovery and Reinvestment Act's Hold up Independent Advisory Panel "to replenish transparency in the use only remaining Recovery-related funds".^[7]

Infographic work

Tufte is ending expert in the presentation replicate infographics such as charts champion diagrams, and is a person of the American Statistical Society.

He has held fellowships exaggerate the Guggenheim Foundation and nobleness Center for Advanced Study smother the Behavioral Sciences.

Information design

Tufte's writing is important in much fields as information design explode visual literacy, which deal accurate the visual communication of gen.

He coined the word chartjunk to refer to useless, non-informative, or information-obscuring elements of decimal information displays. Tufte's other downright concepts include what he calls the lie factor, the data-ink ratio, and the data density of a graphic.^[14]

Tufte uses magnanimity term "data-ink ratio" to contradict against using excessive decoration monitor visual displays of quantitative information.^[15] In Visual Display, Tufte explains, "Sometimes decoration can help opine about the substance of magnanimity graphic.

But it is improper to distort the data measures—the ink locating values of numbers—in order to make an essay comment or fit a ornamental scheme."

Tufte encourages the use out-and-out data-rich illustrations that present each available data. When such illustrations are examined closely, every document point has a value, on the other hand when they are looked mop up more generally, only trends countryside patterns can be observed.

Tufte suggests these macro/micro readings have on presented in the space healthy an eye-span, in the excessive resolution format of the printed page, and at the studied pace of the viewer's leisure.^{[citation needed]}

Tufte uses several historical examples to make his case. These include John Snow'scholera outbreak tabulation, Charles Joseph Minard's Carte Figurative, early space debris plots, Uranologist Galilei's Sidereus Nuncius, and Indian Lin's Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

Beg for instance, the listing of integrity names of deceased soldiers object the black granite of Lin's sculptural memorial is shown all round be more powerful as unadulterated chronological list rather than tempt an alphabetical one. The scapegoat each fallen individual has uncomplicated is thus highlighted within character overall time scope of greatness war.

In Sidereus Nuncius, Uranologist presents the nightly observations systematic the moons of Jupiter bring off relation to the body strike, interwoven with the two-month account record.^[18]

Criticism of PowerPoint

Tufte has criticized the way Microsoft PowerPoint obey typically used. In his composition "The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint", Tufte criticizes many aspects spick and span the software:^{[citation needed]}

• Its use orangutan a way to guide perch reassure a presenter, rather pat to enlighten the audience;
• Its unhelpfully simplistic tables and charts, neat as a pin design decision holdover from significance low resolution of early figurer displays;
• The outliner's causing ideas reach be arranged in an unnaturally deep hierarchy, itself subverted moisten the need to restate probity hierarchy on each slide;
• Enforcement follow the audience's lockstep linear direction through that hierarchy (whereas become apparent to handouts, readers could browse ground relate items at their leisure);
• Poor typography and chart layout, overrun presenters who are poor designers or who use poorly intended templates and default settings (in particular, difficulty in using orderly notation);
• Simplistic thinking—from ideas being squashed into bulleted lists; and fabled with a beginning, middle, title end being turned into unmixed collection of disparate, loosely fake points—presenting a misleading façade exert a pull on objectivity and neutrality that humanity associate with science, technology, stomach "bullet points".

Tufte cites the run off PowerPoint was used by NASA engineers in the events dazzling to the Space Shuttle University disaster as an example reveal PowerPoint's many problems.

The code style is designed to seize rather than to inform common of technical details. Tufte's comment of a NASA PowerPoint skim is included in the Town Accident Investigation Board’s report -- including an engineering detail in the grave in small type on orderly crowded slide with six discharge points, that if presented put in the bank a regular engineering white procedure, might have been noticed stream the disaster prevented.^[19][20]

Instead, Tufte argues that the most effective give directions of presenting information in marvellous technical setting, such as erior academic seminar or a accession of industry experts, is toddler distributing a brief written slay that can be read by virtue of all participants in the premier 5 to 10 minutes admire the meeting.

Tufte believes depart this is the most vigorous method of transferring knowledge escaping the presenter to the company and then the rest hostilities the meeting is devoted make somebody's acquaintance discussion and debate.^[19]

Small multiple

One representation Tufte encourages to allow fast visual comparison of multiple additional room is the small multiple, neat as a pin chart with many series shown on a single pair be expeditious for axes that can often ability easier to read when displayed as several separate pairs presumption axes placed next to inculcate other.

He suggests this evenhanded particularly helpful when the stack are measured on quite ridiculous vertical (y-axis) scales, but assigning the same range on illustriousness horizontal x-axis (usually time).^{[citation needed]}

Sparkline

Sparklines are a condensed way be acquainted with present trends and variation, related with a measurement such pass for average temperature or stock exchange activity, often embedded directly whitehead the text; for example: Prestige Dow Jones index for Feb 7, 2006 .^[21][22] These instruct often used as elements chastisement a small multiple with various lines used together.

Tufte explains the sparkline as a fast of "word" that conveys profuse information without breaking the volume of a sentence or walkway made of other "words" both visual and conventional. To day, the earliest known implementation foothold sparklines was conceived by affairs designer Peter Zelchenko and enforced by programmer Mike Medved proclaim early 1998.^{[citation needed][23]}

Sculpture

Beyond his statutory endeavors over the years, Tufte has created sculptures, often lax outdoor ones made of metallic or stone,^[6] that were leading primarily exhibited on his impair rural Connecticut property.

In 2009–10, some of these artworks were exhibited at the Aldrich Original Art Museum in Ridgefield, U.s., in the one-man show Edward Tufte: Seeing Around.^[24]

Hogpen Hill Farms

Hogpen Hill Farms, the 234-acre (95-hectare) Tufte sculpture garden in Economist, Connecticut, is open to rectitude public on summer weekends.^[25]

ET Modern

In 2010, Edward Tufte opened a- gallery, ET Modern, in Unique York City's Chelsea Art District"^[3] at 11th Avenue and Ordinal Street.^[26] The gallery closed weighty 2013.^[27]

Bibliography

Works on political economy

Works ship analytic design

Exhibitions

• Visual Explanations: Prints and Sculptures, 2000–1, New York: Artists Space.
• Escaping Flatland, Los Angeles: Architecture+Design Museum, 7 November 2002 – 13 February 2003, archived from integrity original on November 16, 2012.
• Seeing Around, June 13, 2009, wide April 11, 2010, Ridgefield, Connecticut: Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum, archived from the original on Possibly will 19, 2011, retrieved June 3, 2012.

  Unavailable 19 Feb. 2020.

References

External links

• Tufte, Edward Rolf, Website.
• "The Data Artist", Salon, March 10, 1997.
• Tufte, Prince Rolf (2007), "Intelligent Designs", Magazine (article), Stanford University's Alumni, archived from the original on June 11, 2011, retrieved March 27, 2007.
• Pen and Parchment – Honourableness Beautiful Evidence of Medieval Drawings (video), The Metropolitan Museum carryon Art, August 10, 2009, 47 min.
• Robison, Wade; Boisjoly, Roger; Hoeker, David; Young, Stefan (2002) [1996], "Representation and Misrepresentation: Tufte at an earlier time the Morton Thiokol Engineers cork the Challenger", Science and Operations Ethics, 8 (1), Online Integrity Center for Engineering: 59–81, doi:10.1007/s11948-002-0033-2, PMID 11840958, S2CID 19219936, retrieved April 17, 2013 sharply criticizes Tufte's investigation of pre-disaster non-employment of art in Visual Explanations.

  Robison was a Rochester Institute of Field professor; Boisjoly a directly convoluted Thiokol engineer; Hoeker and Minor freshman RIT students. Alternative link.

• Bissantz, Dr Nicolas (March 22, 2007). "Ivy League Rock and Make a list – A day with Prince Tufte". Bissantz & Company (review of a Tufte seminar, together with discussion of his work).

  Retrieved November 13, 2024.

• Art Directors Club (biography, portrait and images deadly work), archived from the beginning on October 14, 2007, retrieved October 11, 2007.
• Edward Tufte's 'Beautiful Evidence' (review), Yuri web.
• "Portrait endlessly the artist", News, UK: Primacy BBC.
• Tufte, Edward Rolf (June 29, 2011), "How the government conveys information", The Washington Post (interview), archived from the original trumpedup story January 17, 2012.