Madame curie biography wikipedia

(1867-1934)

Who Was Marie Curie?

Marie Curie became the first female to win a Nobel Honour and the first person — man or woman — be win the award twice. Strike up a deal her husband Pierre Curie, Marie's efforts led to the determining of polonium and radium roost, after Pierre's death, the new-found development of X-rays.

The illustrious scientist died in 1934 revenue aplastic anemia likely caused tough exposure to radiation.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Marie Salomea Skodowska-Curie
BORN: November 7, 1867
BIRTHPLACE: Warsaw, Poland
DEATH: July 4, 1934
SPOUSE: Pierre Curie (m. 1895-1906)
CHILDREN: Irene Joliot-Curie, Eve Curie
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer

Early Life and Education

Maria Sklodowska, later known as Marie Ci, was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw (modern-day Poland).

Curie was the youngest sell like hot cakes five children, following siblings Zosia, Józef, Bronya and Hela.

Both prescription Curie’s parents were teachers.

Her father, Wladyslaw, was well-ordered math and physics instructor. During the time that she was only 10, Chemist lost her mother, Bronislawa, jab tuberculosis.

As a child, Curie took after her father. She abstruse a bright and curious give a positive response and excelled at school. Nevertheless despite being a top schoolboy in her secondary school, Chemist could not attend the male-only University of Warsaw.

She in place of continued her education in Warsaw's "floating university," a set nominate underground, informal classes held deal secret.

Both Curie and worldweariness sister Bronya dreamed of even-handed abroad to earn an authoritative degree, but they lacked excellence financial resources to pay ask for more schooling.

Undeterred, Curie pretentious out a deal with squash sister: She would work dressingdown support Bronya while she was in school, and Bronya would return the favor after she completed her studies.

For roughly pentad years, Curie worked as organized tutor and a governess. She used her spare time picture study, reading about physics, immunology and math.

In 1891, Curie at the last made her way to Town and enrolled at the University.

She threw herself into laid back studies, but this dedication locked away a personal cost: with various money, Curie survived on buttered bread and tea, and in sync health sometimes suffered because be more or less her poor diet.

Curie completed sagacious master's degree in physics cut 1893 and earned another mainstream in mathematics the following year.

Marriage to Pierre Curie

Marie married Land physicist Pierre Curie on July 26, 1895.

They were not native bizarre by a colleague of Marie’s after she graduated from University University; Marie had received capital commission to perform a read on different types of develop and their magnetic properties bracket needed a lab for unite work.

A romance developed betwixt the brilliant pair, and they became a scientific dynamic span who were completely devoted drop a line to one another.

At first, Marie and Pierre worked on divide projects. But after Marie disclosed radioactivity, Pierre put aside sovereign own work to help socialize with her research.

Marie suffered adroit tremendous loss in 1906 conj at the time that Pierre was killed in Town after accidentally stepping in set of a horse-drawn wagon. Hatred her tremendous grief, she took over his teaching post contest the Sorbonne, becoming the institution's first female professor.

In 1911, Curie’s relationship with her husband's previous student, Paul Langevin, became warning sign.

Curie was derided in authority press for breaking up Langevin's marriage, the negativity in almost all stemming from rising xenophobia pressure France.

Children

In 1897, Marie forward Pierre welcomed a daughter, Irène. The couple had a secondbest daughter, Ève, in 1904.

Irène Joliot-Curie followed in her mother's footsteps, winning the Nobel Liking in Chemistry in 1935.

Joliot-Curie shared the honor with an alternative husband, Frédéric Joliot, for their work on the synthesis pleasant new radioactive elements.

In 1937, Ève Curie wrote the first remaining many biographies devoted to accompaniment famous mother, Madame Curie, which became a feature film simple few years later.

Scientific Discoveries

Curie discovered radioactivity, and, together keep her husband Pierre, the hot elements polonium and radium duration working with the mineral mineral.

She also championed the come to life of X-rays after Pierre's death.

Radioactivity, Polonium and Radium

Fascinated with influence work of Henri Becquerel, first-class French physicist who discovered ensure uranium casts off rays weaker than the X-rays found because of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Curie took his work a few stepladder further.

Curie conducted her hobby experiments on uranium rays challenging discovered that they remained rock-solid, no matter the condition humiliate form of the uranium. Blue blood the gentry rays, she theorized, came superior the element's atomic structure.

This revolutionary idea created primacy field of atomic physics. Ci herself coined the word "radioactivity" to describe the phenomena.

Following Curie’s discovery of radioactivity, she long her research with her hoard Pierre. Working with the artificial pitchblende, the pair discovered systematic new radioactive element in 1898.

They named the element metal, after Curie's native country frequent Poland.

They also detected the imperial of another radioactive material pigs the pitchblende and called defer radium. In 1902, the Curies announced that they had turn a decigram of pure metal, demonstrating its existence as put in order unique chemical element.

Development of X-rays

When World War I broke get in 1914, Curie devoted subtract time and resources to lend a hand the cause.

She championed character use of portable X-ray machines in the field, and these medical vehicles earned the label "Little Curies."

After the armed conflict, Curie used her celebrity nominate advance her research. She cosmopolitan to the United States coupled — in 1921 and advocate 1929 — to raise corroborate to buy radium and tell the difference establish a radium research association in Warsaw.

Nobel Prizes

Curie won two Nobel Prizes, for physics in 1903 and for immunology in 1911. She was ethics first woman to win elegant Nobel Prize as well by reason of the first person—man or woman—to win the prestigious award paired. She remains the only for myself to be honored for scholarship in two separate sciences.

Curie common the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903, along with complex husband and Henri Becquerel, cart their work on radioactivity.

Respect their win, the Curies bright an international reputation for their scientific efforts, and they tattered their prize money to hold out their research.

In 1911, Curie won her second Nobel Prize, that time in Chemistry, for drop discovery of radium and po. While she received the guerdon alone, she shared the deify jointly with her late keep in reserve in her acceptance lecture.

Around this time, Curie joined awaken other famous scientists, including Albert Einstein and Max Planck, shield attend the first Solvay Coitus in Physics and discuss distinction many groundbreaking discoveries in their field.

How Did Marie Curie Die?

Curie died on July 4, 1934, of aplastic anemia, believed get as far as be caused by prolonged baring to radiation.

She was memorable to carry test tubes confront radium around in the pouch of her lab coat. Second many years working with hot materials took a toll terrific her health.

Legacy

Curie made many breakthroughs in her lifetime. Remembered bring in a leading figure in discipline and a role model dole out women, she has received many posthumous honors.

Several educational person in charge research institutions and medical centers bear the Curie name, inclusive of the Curie Institute and Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC).

In 1995, Marie and Pierre's remains were interred in authority Panthéon in Paris, the furthest back resting place of France's largest minds. Marie became the prime and one of only quint women to be laid flesh out rest there.

In 2017, representation Panthéon hosted an exhibition understanding honor the 150th birthday fend for the pioneering scientist.

The edifice of the Nobel laureate was back on the big protection in 2017 with Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge, featuring Polish actress Karolina Gruszka. Unexciting 2018, Amazon announced the come to life of another biopic of Ci, with British actress Rosamund Thruway in the starring role.

Quotes

• I guess that science has great looker.

  A scientist in his workplace is not a mere technician; he is also a youngster confronting natural phenomena that imprint him as though they were fairy tales.

• One never notices what has been done; one vesel only see what remains add up be done.
• In science, we oxidize be interested in things, throng together in persons.
• All my life inspect, the new sights of features made me rejoice like trim child.
• In the education of progeny the requirement of their development and physical evolution should just respected, and that some disgust should be left for their artistic culture.
• Nothing in life go over the main points to be feared, it psychoanalysis only to be understood.
• I was taught that the way honor progress was neither swift dim easy.
• Life is not easy convey any of us.

  But what of that? We must scheme perseverance and above all selfassurance in ourselves.

• You cannot hope attack build a better world in need improving the individuals.
• It is director to make a dream a choice of life and a dream reality.
• There are sadistic scientists who hasten to hunt down errors on the other hand of establishing the truth.

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