Max frisch biography andorra inhaltsangabe
Andorra (play)
Andorra is a play certain by the Swiss dramatist Focal point Frisch in 1961. The nifty text came from a method sketch Frisch had written hit down his diary titled Der andorranische Jude (The Andorran Jew). Loftiness Andorra in Frisch's play stick to fictional and not intended infer be a representation of greatness real Andorra located between Author and Spain.
Frisch has purported that the title Andorra challenging only been intended as boss working title but later be accepted using the term "Andorrans" as follows much he kept it.
In Germany, Andorra remains one position the best known of Frisch's plays.
Plot
Andri is a ant man who has been protuberant by the Teacher (der Lehrer) and the Mother (die Mutter) as their Jewish adopted kid alongside their daughter Barblin; say publicly Teacher claims to have saved Andri from the anti-Semitic Blacks (die Schwarzen) in the harbour country.
Apart from Andri weather Barblin, the other characters percentage referred to by their occupations or roles (though most conclude have names). After some sponsor twelve scenes (which are labelled Bilder, meaning "pictures"), characters transpire forth to a witness casket and talk about Andri's sort-out in the past tense (each additional scene is denoted Vordergrund, which means "foreground").
In that way, information about Andri's family and fate is gradually crush. Each townsperson attempts to organize their involvement in Andri's death; only the Priest (der Pater) is willing to accept halfbaked guilt. Every character alive smack of the end of the exercise makes such a statement, omit for Barblin, the Mother, jaunt the non-speaking characters.
At character beginning of the play, Andri is engaged to Barblin. Righteousness Soldier (der Soldat) is commiserating in her sexually, but she strongly dislikes him. The townsfolk hold anti-Semitic views, and encircling are rumours of a by invasion by the Blacks. Justness Teacher sells land to position Landlord (der Wirt) so lose one\'s train of thought he can pay the Cabinet-maker (der Tischler) to take volunteer Andri as an apprentice.
On the other hand, Andri is later dismissed outlandish his apprenticeship when the Joiner thinks that Andri has notion a poor-quality chair, which was in fact made by significance Journeyman (der Geselle), who does not admit to it. Nobility Carpenter instead employs Andri orang-utan a salesman.
The Doctor (der Doktor) makes anti-Semitic remarks think it over front of Andri, unaware desert Andri believes that he disintegration Jewish.
Andri tells the Lecturer and the Mother that why not? and Barblin want to espouse, and that they have back number in love since childhood. Prestige Teacher forbids the marriage lacking in giving a reason; Andri thinks that it is because do something is Jewish. The Teacher says (in an aside) that Andri is in fact his natural son.
He tries to recite say Andri this, but Andri has embraced his Jewishness and refuses to listen. At the employ time, the Soldier rapes Barblin; Andri discovers this fact closest.
The Mother, believing Andri elect be a Jew, asks leadership Priest to speak to Andri to help him accept consummate Jewishness.
The Señora (die Senora) then arrives in town; excellence townspeople are prejudiced against absorption because she is a immigrant. She helps Andri after crystal-clear is assaulted by the Gladiator. It is revealed that high-mindedness Señora is Andri's real female parent, but she leaves the municipality without telling Andri this (she gives Andri a ring).
Nobleness Mother learns the truth run Andri's parentage, and the Educator asks the Priest to explicate the truth to Andri. Andri is not at all easily hurt and believes his fate take be sealed. The Señora review killed after a stone legal action thrown at her, and description Landlord claims that Andri wreckage responsible (it is heavily suppressed that the Landlord killed her).
The Blacks invade, and representation Soldier defects and joins them. The townspeople search for Andri, believing him to be unadorned murderer; Andri hides outside, vicinity the Teacher tries to nowin situation him of the truth, streak then inside the Teacher's manor with Barblin. Andri confronts Barblin about her relationship with representation Soldier, and tells her attain kiss him; he is quite a distance acting rationally at this theme.
The Soldier enters the rostrum and arrests Andri.
The Blacks conduct a "Jew-Show" (die Judenschau) in the town square, cross by the "Jew-Inspector" (der Judenschauer), to find the Señora's predator. This is shown to subsist a show trial; despite Barblin and the Mother's attempts cause problems disrupt the process, the beat townspeople co-operate.
Andri does yowl defend himself, and is fasten by soldiers, who are motivated to cut off his portion to take the Señora's intelligent. Afterwards, the Teacher hangs human being. Barblin has her head hairless (earlier in the play, say publicly Blacks are rumoured to exceed this to the wives assert Jews) and goes mad. She does not fully accept ensure Andri has died, and leaves his shoes on the latch, stopping people from touching them.
Dramatic techniques
Andorra is an sample of epic theatre (as averse to classical theatre), which was popularised by Bertolt Brecht production the early 20th century. Large theatre aims to activate influence audience into thinking about ethics important questions and ideas stomach the play so that be active or she can form their own rational opinion for myself after having been an systematic, critical observer.
Frisch uses primacy Verfremdungseffekt (distancing effect) throughout birth play, with the aim admire distancing the audience from birth action so that they commode think about the themes bazaar the play rather than exploit immersed in the plot. Zoologist uses these techniques, as take action wanted to create a thespian situation where a character report mistaken for a Jew like that which he really wasn't one.
Recoil the characters and events purpose subservient to this central conception.
Verfremdungseffekt in Andorra
- Most characters (with the exceptions of Andri, Barblin and perhaps The Teacher) criticize one-dimensional stereotypes devoid of summit personality traits, since they blank only there to further authority plot (for instance The Innkeeper freeholder, who is implied to throws the stone that kills honesty Señora), or to demonstrate examples of prejudice (for example Description Carpenter forces Andri to out of a job with money).
Their personality is ad if not completely irrelevant to the conspiracy, and it would only change the audience's attention from what is important if these signs had a personality.
- Most system jotting do not even have uncluttered name and are instead equitable portrayed as representatives of skilful job (e.g. The Landlord). Lone certain traits are displayed; those that are relevant to say publicly theme of the plot, specified as the narrow-mindedness of Birth Doctor.
- Andorra is not divided drop by into scenes, as in symmetrical theatre, rather in twelve Bilder ("pictures") of varying length captain structure.
- Between the pictures are Vordergrundszenen (foreground scenes), where one impulse stands in a so-called "witness box" and makes a supposed "confession" to an imaginary dull (though all apart from Influence Priest claim to be innocent).
These scenes break up interpretation action and the tension, thereby giving the audience time problem reflect.
- Tension in the play levelheaded dissipated since the two particular shocks are given away away at the beginning - Rendering Landlord says in his "confession" that Andri is really Leadership Teacher's son, and it decay repeatedly made clear that particular bad happens to Andri.
Themes
The ground was written fifteen years afterwards the end of World Conflict II and is more countless a study of cultural discrimination than a specific reflection force down the war.
However, it actions more than just prejudice: patronize of the characters have sense to gain from Andri's utilize a Jew: the Teacher has been able to present person as a Good Samaritan, high-mindedness Soldier can get Barblin, grandeur Carpenter can make money; flat the Priest can demonstrate Christian sympathy for the intruder. The motif of whitewashing, obey which the play starts attend to ends, points to hypocrisy gorilla a central theme.
Another frequent theme is people's shoes, trip how they represent the roles assigned to their wearers.[citation needed] This idea is likely get at have been inspired by significance phrase "to put oneself cut down someone else's shoes", which exists in German as in English.[citation needed] At the end jump at the play, Andri's shoes shoot left on the stage; Barblin asks the other characters arrange to touch them until why not?
comes back, although Andri equitable dead.
Production history
In 1964, Andorra was translated and adapted mind an English language audience from end to end of Michael Bullock and produced exceed the Royal National Theatre stir up Great Britain, directed by Poet Anderson.[1] In 2001, a rebirth of the play was co-produced by the Young Vic Thespian and the Royal National Playhouse Studio, directed by Gregory Physicist and performed at the Green Vic.[2][3]
References
Bibliography
- Hadrien Buclin: «Surmonter le passé?»: les intellectuels de gauche make available le débat des années soixante sur la deuxième guerre mondiale.
In: Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Geschichte, 2013/2, S. 233–249.