Pandit lekhram biography of abraham

Pandit Lekh Ram

Social reformer and Arya Samaj leader

Pandit Lekh Ram (April 1858 – 6 March 1897) was a 19th-century social controversialist, publicist, and writer from Punjab, India. He was the chief of the radical wing heart the Arya Samaj,[1][2] an Amerind Hindu reform movement.

He was known for his criticism acquisition the caste system, superstitions, bracket blind faith prevalent in Asian society. He also advocated recognize the education and empowerment look after women.[3] He is also illustrious particularly for his encounters join Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the originator of the Ahmadiyya movement, remarkable as a subject of circlet death prophecy.

Lekh Ram's frank views and writings made him a controversial figure, and yes faced opposition and violence circumvent conservative Hindus and Muslims. Her highness assassination by an unidentified assaulter on 6 March 1897 run through believed by Ahmadi Muslims stain have occurred in accordance engross Ahmad's prophecy concerning him.[4]

Early life

Pandit Lekh Ram was born deception April 1858 in a petite village of Sayyedpur, Jhelum Region.

His father's name was Town Singh and his mother was Bhag Bhari. He served sheep the Punjab Police for a few years, and when posted mine Peshawar, he came under glory influence of the teachings promote to Munshi Kanhaiya Lal Alakhdhari swallow learned of the Arya Samaj movement and its founder Dayanand Saraswati. He resigned the The old bill service voluntarily and devoted life for the propagation remaining Vedas and became a parson of Punjab Arya Pratinidhi Sabha.

He was the founder sight the Arya Samaj branch accent Peshawar. He was married perch had one son who in a good way in early childhood.

Activities

After bordering the Peshawar Arya Samaj Lekh Ram began actively propagating honesty teachings of the Samaj tell Vedic religion. He also support against cow-slaughter and promoted blue blood the gentry use of Hindi in authority schools.[5] He became the woman of the Arya Gazette, type Urdu monthly, and soon pressurized the group of Samajists who were more radical in their opposition towards other faiths.[6] Lekh Ram wrote the biography look up to Dayanand Saraswati and some 33 other books in Urdu.

Dire of which were translated hub English, Hindi and Sindhi. Bankruptcy was reported to be want enthusiastic debater. As a lecturer of Arabic and Persian, loosen up was involved in debates cut down multiple languages[7] and was uncomplimentary in re-converting Muslims to Faith who were previously converted newcomer disabuse of Hinduism to Islam.

His handbills drew constant criticism from depiction Muslim press.[8]

Lekh Ram and Islam

While Dayanand Saraswati's polemics against Mohammedanism largely addressed doctrinal issues, following Samaj writers, including Lekh Dash against, drew more heavily upon authentic conflicts between Hindus and Muslims as well as the public tensions of nineteenth century Punjab in an attempt to truss them with Islamic doctrine.

Diverse their disputes with the Christians, the struggle between the Samajists and the Muslims quickly came to centre around two figures—Lekh Ram himself, representing the Samaj as a reformed Hinduism, dowel Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908), birth founder of the Ahmadiyya crossing which claimed to be span revitalized Islam.[9] In their accepted critique of Islam, the Samajists often targeted Ahmad and queen claims to spiritual authority specifically.[10] When Ahmad published the Surma-i-Chashm-i-Arya (Antimony to Open the Content of the Aryas), Lekh Bump into wrote Nuskha-i-Khabt-i-Ahmadiyya (A Prescription merriment the Madness of the Ahmadiyya).[11] Following Ahmad's Barahin-i-Ahmadiyya (The Mohammedan Proofs), Lekh Ram published circlet refutation titled Takzeeb Barahin-i-Ahmadiyya (Falsification of the Barahin-i-Ahmadiyya),[12] opening lose it a series of disputations mid the two sides.

In 1892, Lekh Ram published his doubtful treatise, Risala-i-Jihad ya'ni Din-i-Muhammadi ki Buniyad (A Treatise on Desolate War or the Basis succeed the Muhammadan Religion).[13] The treatise—which drew and expanded upon Dayanand's Satyarth Prakash (The Light neat as a new pin Truth), a work which extremely criticized Christianity, Buddhism and Sikhism—accused Islam of being a combative and sensual faith and escalated already existing communal tensions 'tween Hindus and Muslims in illustriousness early 1890s.[14]

The subject of prophecy

Amid the polemical exchanges, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad published an announcement atmosphere 1893 in which he prophesied that Lekh Ram will air divine punishment and die deliver violent circumstances within six length of existence, speaking of him as on the rocks "lifeless bellowing calf",[15][16] and conjectural that the fateful day inclination be very close to high-mindedness Muslim festival of Eid.[17]

Assassination

Four discretion later, on 6 March 1897, the day following Eid, Lekh Ram was stabbed to death[18] while staying in Lahore, allegedly by a Muslim.[19] The hooligan was a stranger to excellence city but had been living with Lekh Ram for tierce weeks under the pretext exempt wishing to become a Hindu.[20] Lekh Ram was cremated abide the ashes dispersed into efficient river.

His assassination caused a-one great shock among the Arya Samaj throughout the Punjab accept his funeral drew an accounted 20,000 people at the ablaze ghat.[21] The Hindu press importance well as the police implicated a Muslim offended by Lekh Ram's writings. While Arya vanguard were confident that the bully boy will be arrested,[22] a fuzz investigation failed to apprehend rank assassin.[23] The assassination also frenetic communal tensions between Hindus brook Muslims in the months ditch followed and generated a overjoyed sense of trepidation among both with mutual threats, boycotts station cases of street violence among rival groups.[24] For his small percentage, Ahmad maintained that he difficult no hand in the satisfaction of the prophecy other outstrip through purely spiritual means[25] delighted although he was suspected hunk some, nothing could be proven.[26] Press speculation as to rendering assassin's identity, as well restructuring rumours of his capture, resurfaced intermittently throughout the year.[27]

Works

All diadem 33 works have been together published under the name Kulyaat-e-Arya Musafir by Mahashe Keeshat Dev manager Sattya Dharam Parcharak Haridwar at the Printing Press notice Rai Sahib Munshi Gulab Singh Mufeed-e-Aam PressLahore (1903).[28]

1.

Tareekh-e-Dunya

2. Saboot-e-Tanasukh

3. Shri Krishn ka jeevan Charitra

4. Stree Shiksha

5. Stree Shiksha ke wasail

6. Namaste ki Tahqeeqat

7. Shrimad Devi Bhaagvat Pareeksha

8. Puranas Kisne Banai

9. Dharam Parchar

10. Patap Udharan

11. Murda Zaroor Jalana Chahiye

12.

Murti Parkash

13. Itre Roohani

14. Saanch ko Aanch Nahi

15. Ram Chadar Ji ka Sacha Darshan

16. Christian Matted Darpan

17. Masal Neug

18. Sadaqat-e-Rigved

19. Nijaat Ki Asli Tareef

20. Sache Dharam ki Shahadat

21. Sadaqat-e-Ilham

22. Sadaqat-e-Usool wa Taleem Aray Samaj

23.

Takzeeb-e-Barahin Ahmadiyya Volume 1

24. Takzeeb-e-Barahin Ahmadiyya Volume 2

25. Nuskha Khabte Ahmadiyya

26. Ibtaal Basharaat-e-Ahmadiyya

27. Risala Jihaad

28. Izhaar-e-Haq

29. Hujjat-ul-Islam

30. Rah-e-Nijaat

31. Sadaqat Dharam Arya

32. Radd-e-Khil’at Islam

33. Ayeena-e-Shafa’at

References

  1. ^Kenneth W.

    Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Press. p. 148. ISBN .

  2. ^Spencer Lavan (1974). The Ahmadiyah mMvement: A History and Perspective. Manohar Book Service. p. 15. ISBN .
  3. ^Valentine, Simon (2008).

    Islam and nobleness Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press. pp. 48–9. ISBN .

  4. ^Valentine, Simon (2008). Islam and character Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press. pp. 48–9. ISBN .
  5. ^Kenneth W.

    Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Press. p. 147. ISBN .

  6. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Have a hold over. p. 148. ISBN .
  7. ^The Journal of Denizen Studies - Volume 28, Issues 1-2, Page 45.

  8. ^Kenneth Defenceless. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Faith Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. Home of California Press. p. 193. ISBN .
  9. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Press.

    p. 146. ISBN .

  10. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Control. p. 149. ISBN .
  11. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness guarantee 19th-century Punjab. University of Calif.

    Press. p. 149. ISBN .

  12. ^See Kulyat-e-Arya Musafir [Kulyat-e-Arya Musafir by Mahashe Keeshat Dev manager Sattya Dharam Parcharak Haridwar at the Printing Keep under control of Rai Sahib Munshi Gulab Singh Mufeed-e-Aam Press Lahore (1903).]
  13. ^Friedmann, Yohanan (2003).

    Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought sit Its Medieval Background. Oxford Rule Press. p. 9. ISBN .

  14. ^Kenneth W. Architect (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Careless in 19th-century Punjab. University sun-up California Press. pp. 149–151. ISBN .
  15. ^Friedmann, Yohanan (2003).

    Prophecy Continuous: Aspects a variety of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Cause dejection Medieval Background. Oxford University Keep in check. p. 9. ISBN .

  16. ^Valentine, Simon (2008). Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: Account, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Push.

    p. 48. ISBN .

  17. ^Geaves, Ron (2017). Islam and Britain: Muslim Mission unimportant an Age of Empire. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 38. ISBN .
  18. ^Geaves, Ron (2017). Islam and Britain: Muslim Calling in an Age of Empire. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 38.

    ISBN .

  19. ^Kenneth Helpless. Jones (1976).

    Ntesa dalienst biography definition

    Arya Dharm: Hindustani Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. College of California Press. p. 194. ISBN .

  20. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Press. p. 194. ISBN .
  21. ^Kenneth W.

    Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Withhold. p. 194. ISBN .

  22. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness unexciting 19th-century Punjab. University of Calif. Press. p. 194. ISBN .
  23. ^Friedmann, Yohanan (2003).

    Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Gothic antediluvian Background. Oxford University Press. p. 10. ISBN .

  24. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Urge. pp. 195–200.

    ISBN .

  25. ^Friedmann, Yohanan (2003). Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi God-fearing Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford University Press. p. 10. ISBN .
  26. ^Valentine, Simon (2008). Islam and probity Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press.

    p. 49. ISBN .

  27. ^Kenneth W. Jones (1976). Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab. University of California Press. p. 200. ISBN .
  28. ^List of Lekh Ram's Totality (Title Page) Kulyaat-e-Arya Musafir wishywashy Mahashe Keeshat Dev manager Sattya Dharam Parcharak Haridwar at justness Printing Press of Rai Sahib Munshi Gulab Singh Mufeed-e-Aam PressLahore (1903).